Saturday, January 19, 2008

4)解答:OG182

Consumers may not think of household cleaning products to be hazardous substances, but many of them can be harmful to health, especially if they are used improperly.

(A) Consumers may not think of household cleaning products to be

(B) Consumers may not think of household cleaning products being

(C) A consumer may not think of their household cleaning products being

(D) A consumer may not think of household cleaning products asD

(E) Household cleaning products may not be thought of, by consumers, as

但是many of them 指的是household cleaning啊,为什么前面句子的主语不将household cleaning前置,正如E?

并且在这道题里面,好像并没有限制是用a consumer还是consumers来作主语,只要是能跟句子本身的单复数对应好即可。


1) D

2) A consumer and consumers 确实在该题目中没有区别,这是我的“寻异求同”法例外的地方。这个地方没有办法寻异。

3)可以寻异的地方是 think of x to be/being OR think of xxx as y. 正确的介词是 AS。 这种小的搭配ETS最喜欢。

4)你的问题涉及到一致原则。我们一直考虑Gmat中句子要前后一致。但是XDF老师(本人没有上,在网上的笔记中看到)反复提到 (1)主动比被动牛,即主动优先。

同时我再加公认的一点(2) 不要随便对原有句子做大的改动,比如主动变被动,这是ETS大忌!

5) 关于think of as 联想扩展如下的内容:


consider…as… =think of …as…

1.consider vt. 认为;以为;考虑

consider sb./ sth. / adj./n. I consider him smart/ a smart guy.

sb./sth.+to be

sb./sth.+as /that clause

consider n/doing

how/when/…+to do sth

look upon/on…as

take…as…

regard…as…

treat…as…

He considered studying further in Australia. 他考虑过要去澳大利亚深造。

Have you considered how to solve this problem? 你们考虑过如何解决这个问题吗?

Abraham Lincoln is generally considered (to be/as) the greatest president of America.

6) consider 以及其类似的词要足够重视,仔细阅读 5)!



3) 解答一考友的问题:OG11-SC-67

Defense attorney have occasionally argued that their clients' misconduct stemmed from a reaction to something ingested, but in attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to some food allergy, the perpetrators are in effect told that they are not responsible for their actions.


A) in attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to some food allergy

(B) if criminal or delinquent behavior is attributed to an allergy to some food

C) in attributing behavior that is criminal or delinquent to an allergy to some food

D) if some food allergy is attributed as the cause of criminal or delinquent behavior

E) in attributing a food allergy as the cause of criminal or delinquent behavior

1) B

2)释意:辩护律师偶尔曾辩说道,他们代理的当事人的不当行为源自他对一种他消化的食物的反应;如果把犯罪或者不当行为归咎为食物过敏的话,那么等效为告知犯罪者他们不应该为他们的行为负责。

3)这个题目关键在于对题目的理解,虽说有时候SC可以不理解句意,但是如果对句子一点头绪都没有很容易不知道如何下手,进而瞎猜。

4)寻异:if xxxxx and in attributing, "in attributing(更恰当的应为attributing)" 对应的主语应该是perpetrators, 这样的话句子无法理解。不合逻辑。只能是引入一个条件从句,和perpertrators尽量断开关系,保持两个分句,所以选“if”。 然后再看attributed 应跟 to, 不能跟 as。固定搭配也是常考点。GMAT很喜欢考固定的介词搭配。

5)这个题目比较难。因为涉及到句子逻辑,GMAT中偶尔会出现类似理解逻辑的题目。

2) GWD13-1-Q2

Q2:

By merging its two publishing divisions, the company will increase their share of the country’s $21 billion book market from 6 percent to 10 percent, a market ranging from obscure textbooks to mass-market paperbacks.

  1. their share of the country’s $21 billion book market from 6 percent to 10 percent, a market ranging
  2. from 6 percent to 10 percent its share of the $21 billion book market in the country, which ranges
  3. to 10 percent from 6 percent in their share of the $21 billion book market in the country, a market ranging
  4. in its share, from 6 percent to 10 percent, of the $21 billion book market in the country, which ranges
  5. to 10 percent from 6 percent its share of the country’s $21 billion book market, which ranges
1)E
2)obscure: Not well known. As opposed to "mass-market". 作者认为教科书少见,有道理。
3)寻异:their and its, 求同:company is a clue for "its'。主谓一致,也是常考点。
4)寻异:ranging and which ranges. OG中常常提到修饰词一定要紧跟修饰主语,防止造成歧义(ambiguous), 常考点。

1) GWD13-1-Q1

Q1:

During her presidency of the short-lived Woman’s State Temperance Society (1852-1853), Elizabeth Cady Stanton, as she was a staunch advocate of liberalized divorce laws, scandalized many of her most ardent supporters in her suggestion that drunkenness should be made sufficient cause for divorce.

  1. as she was a staunch advocate of liberalized divorce laws, scandalized many of her most ardent supporters in her suggestion that drunkenness should be
  2. as she was a staunch advocate for liberalized divorce laws, scandalized many of her most ardent supporters by her suggestion of drunkenness being
  3. in being a staunch advocate for liberalized divorce laws, had scandalized many of her most ardent supporters with the suggestion of drunkenness being
  4. a staunch advocate of liberalized divorce laws, scandalized many of her most ardent supporters by suggesting that drunkenness be
  5. a staunch advocate of liberalized divorce laws, she scandalized many of her most ardent supporters in suggesting that drunkenness should be
1) D
2) SC做题方法:寻异求同。寻异:看看各个选项到底有什么不同,哪里变化了,证明哪里是考虑的知识点。根据不同的变化选择最合适的,这个选择的过程考察你的两个方面一个是你的基础知识,如果你对这个知识点熟悉,那你就能很快找到正确答案。如果不熟悉怎么办?求同!即根据上下文寻找蛛丝马迹,然后和这些蛛丝马迹一致的选项正确。
3)staunch: steadfast
ardent:characterized by warmth of feeling
4) suggest that 用法为一个常考知识点,OG 紫皮SC 55题考察Demand。后面跟should+be,should可以省略,但是GMAT认为错误,因为冗余。

详解:

一:特殊形式的虚拟语气

(1)should(可省略)+动词原形用于如下结构中的that从句中。

A 用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中,例如:

He ordered that parking be prohibited on Main street during the rush hour.

他下令在(交通)高峰期间禁止在大街上停车。

Tom insisted that his Leadership be recognized by all the boys.

汤姆坚持让所有男孩接受他的领导。

这类动词还有:

ask, demand, determine, insist, move, order, pray, prefer, recommend, regret, request, require, suggest, and wish

二:

有时,有些名词性从句也需要用虚拟语气,以表示要求、建议、命令、假设等意义的动词(advise, arrange, ask, beg, command, consent, decide, demand, deserve, desire, determine, forbid, insist, move, order, pray, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, suppose, urge, vote, wish, etc.)后面的宾语从句中,其虚拟形式为:“动词原形”或“should +动词原形”,如:
The lawyer asked that the case be postponed for one month.
The law requires that all motorcars (should) be tested regularly for safety and efficiency.

用在名词advice, decision, idea, importance, insistence, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, understanding 等作主语后的表语从句(或同位语从句)中,从句中的谓语动词也需要“动词原形”、“should + 动词原形”,如:

Our only request is that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.
The professor gave an order that the test ( should ) be finished before 10:30.

有时,虚拟语气还用于表示要求、建议、命令等意义的形容词或过去分词后面的主语从句中,
也可作为句型来记忆:
it is ( was ) + advisable ( appropriate, better, compulsory, crucial, curious, desirable, essential, good, imperative, important, insistent, keen, natural, necessary, possible, preferable, proper, recommendable, ridiculous, strange, urgent, vital; arranged, decided, demanded, desired, insisted, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, resolved, suggested, urged, etc.) + that + “( should + ) + 动词原形”,如:

It is highly desirable that a new president ( should ) be appointed for this college.
It is desired that everyone ( should ) get everything ready by tonight.


注:还有什么没有提到的请补充。